Skip to main content

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY H-1B Visa Sponsorship & Salary Data

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY has filed 155 H-1B labor condition applications from FY 2020 to FY 2026, with 155 certified. The median H-1B salary at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY is $75,000, which is 38% lower than the national H-1B median of $120,000.

155
Certified Filings
FY 2020-2026
$75,000
Median Salary
-38% vs national
0%
Denial Rate
0 denied of 155
7
Years of Data
FY 2020-2026

Salary Analysis

Salary Range

  • 10th percentile: $48,000
  • 25th percentile: $58,000
  • Median: $75,000
  • 75th percentile: $98,756
  • 90th percentile: $108,000

Wage Level Distribution

  • Level I (Entry): 134 (88%)
  • Level II (Qualified): 15 (10%)
  • Level III (Experienced): 4 (3%)
  • Level IV (Expert): 0 (0%)

Trend (2020-2026)

  • Starting median: $78,902
  • Current median: $115,379
  • Growth: +46%

Salary & Hiring Visualizations

Salary Distribution

Distribution of H-1B salaries at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B salaries range from $48,000 to $108,000 (10th-90th percentile), with a median of $75,000. This is comparable to the national H-1B median.

Wage Level Distribution

DOL wage levels affect H-1B lottery priority

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY files 12% of H-1B positions at Level II or higher. A higher proportion of Level I (entry) positions may face more lottery competition.

Median Salary Trend

Year-over-year salary changes

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's median H-1B salary increased by +46% from FY 2020 ($78,902) to FY 2026 ($115,379). This strong growth reflects competitive compensation adjustments.

H-1B Filings by Year

Annual hiring activity through H-1B program

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B filings changed by -93% from FY 2020 to FY 2026. This may reflect changes in hiring strategy or workforce composition.

Salary by Job Title

Top roles by filing volume, showing salary distribution

Principal Research Associate (29)
$48K
Professor (12)
$67K
Mechanical Engineer (5)
$92K
Associate Professor (8)
$99K
Assistant Professor (43)
$100K
$50K $125K $200K $300K+

The highest-volume H-1B role at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY is Assistant Professor with 43 filings at $100,000 median salary.

Salary by Location

Salary distribution across office locations (sorted by median)

Rolla, MO (150)
$75K
$50K $125K $200K $300K+

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's largest H-1B hub is Rolla, MO with 150 filings. The highest-paying location is 325 Computer Science Building, MO at $110,000 median.

Highest Paying H-1B Roles at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Ranked by median salary — Unlike "Salary by Job Title" above which shows the most common roles by filing volume, this section ranks all H-1B positions by their median compensation to highlight the best-paying opportunities.

These are the top 10 highest-paying H-1B job titles at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ranked by median salary. The highest-paying role is Assistant Professor at $100,000 median, which is 33% above the company's overall H-1B median of $75,000.

High-paying H-1B roles typically require advanced technical expertise, specialized domain knowledge, or significant leadership responsibility. Factors influencing top-tier compensation include years of experience, educational credentials (PhD, Master's degrees), rare skill combinations, and market demand for specific technologies. The salary distribution chart below each role shows how compensation varies—wider distributions indicate more salary negotiation flexibility, while narrow peaks suggest standardized pay bands. Senior and principal-level positions consistently command premium salaries due to their strategic impact and scarcity of qualified candidates.

1

Assistant Professor

43 H-1B filings at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

$100,000
+33% vs company median
$50K $175K $300K+
2

Associate Professor

8 H-1B filings at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

$98,908
+32% vs company median
3

Mechanical Engineer

5 H-1B filings at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

$92,000
+23% vs company median
4

Professor

12 H-1B filings at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

$66,664
-11% vs company median
$50K $175K $300K+
5

Senior Research Specialist

4 H-1B filings at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

$58,000
-23% vs company median
6

Principal Research Associate

29 H-1B filings at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

$48,000
-36% vs company median
$50K $175K $300K+

Salary data based on 155 certified H-1B labor condition applications at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. Actual compensation may vary based on experience, specific role requirements, and location within the company.

Highest Individual H-1B Salaries at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Actual filed salaries — These are the 10 highest individual H-1B salary filings at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, representing specific positions (not aggregated medians). These may include executive, highly specialized, or senior leadership roles.

The highest H-1B salary filed at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY was $192,000 for a Associate Professor position in Rolla, MO (FY2023). This is 156% higher than the company's median H-1B salary.

Top H-1B salaries often cluster in high cost-of-living metros like San Francisco, New York, and Seattle where prevailing wages are higher. However, executive and specialized roles can command premium compensation regardless of location. These filings represent the upper bound of H-1B compensation at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—actual total compensation may be significantly higher when including stock grants, bonuses, and benefits. Geographic patterns in top salaries often reflect where companies locate their most senior technical talent and leadership positions.

Rank Job Title Location Salary Level Year
1 Associate Professor Rolla, MO $192,000 II FY 2023
2 Professor Rolla, MO $185,000 II FY 2022
3 Asst. Professor-Dept. Of Business & Information Technology Rolla, MO $145,000 I FY 2025
4 Assoc. Professor-Dept. Of Business & Information Technology Rolla, MO $137,025 II FY 2022
5 Asst. Professor-Dept. Of Business And Information Technology Rolla, MO $125,685 I FY 2024
6 Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $125,000 I FY 2023
7 Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $120,000 I FY 2023
8 Principal Professor Rolla, MO $115,721 I FY 2020
9 Teaching Prof.-Dept. Of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Rolla, MO $115,379 I FY 2026
10 Asst. Professor-Dept. Of Business & Information Technology Rolla, MO $113,000 I FY 2021

These represent the highest individual salary amounts filed in H-1B labor condition applications. Note: H-1B salary data reflects base compensation only and does not include stock options, RSUs, bonuses, or other benefits which can significantly increase total compensation at tech companies.

Detailed Breakdown

H-1B Job Titles at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Job Title Filings Median Salary
Assistant Professor 43 $100,000
Principal Research Associate 29 $48,000
Professor 12 $66,664
Associate Professor 8 $98,908
Mechanical Engineer 5 $92,000
Senior Research Specialist 4 $58,000

H-1B Locations for THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Location Filings Median Salary
Rolla, MO 150 $75,000
Rollla, MO 1 $47,476
Richmond, WA 1 $58,843
Richland, WA 1 $58,843
325 Computer Science Building, MO 1 $110,000
Norman, OK 1 $57,574

Recent H-1B Filings at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Sample of 20 recent certified H-1B labor condition applications. This represents a small fraction of THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's 155 total certified filings.

Job Title Location Salary Level Year
Teaching Prof.-Dept. Of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Rolla, MO $115,379 I FY 2026
Associate Teaching Professor-Earth Sciences And Engineering Rolla, MO $85,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $90,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $100,000 I FY 2025
Professor Rolla, MO $60,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $99,500 I FY 2025
Senior Research Scientist Rolla, MO $70,000 II FY 2025
Associate Professor Rolla, MO $71,127 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $95,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor 325 Computer Science Building, MO $110,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $105,000 I FY 2025
Instructional Sap Database & Systems Administrator Rolla, MO $73,542 I FY 2025
Principal Research Associate Rolla, MO $57,574 I FY 2025
Asst. Teaching Professor-Electrical & Computer Engineering Rolla, MO $82,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $98,756 I FY 2025
Asst. Teaching Professor-Electrical & Computer Engineering Rolla, MO $82,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $108,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $108,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $108,000 I FY 2025
Assistant Professor Rolla, MO $108,000 I FY 2025

Data source: U.S. Department of Labor LCA Disclosure Files. Showing most recent certified filings.

Frequently Asked Questions about THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY H-1B Visas

What is the average H-1B salary at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY?

The median H-1B salary at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY is $75,000, based on 155 certified filings from FY 2020 to FY 2026. This is 38% lower than the national H-1B median salary of $120,000. Compensation at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY reflects their market positioning, with entry-level roles starting around $58,000 and senior positions reaching $108,000 or higher. These figures represent base salaries in LCA filings and may not include bonuses, equity grants, or other compensation common at large employers.

10th %ile Median 90th %ile
$48,000 $75,000 $108,000

Salaries at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY range from $48,000 at the 10th percentile to $108,000 at the 90th percentile, showing a $60,000 spread across experience levels and roles. The 25th percentile is $58,000 and the 75th percentile is $98,756.

Does THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY sponsor H-1B visas?

Yes, THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY actively sponsors H-1B visas and has been a consistent participant in the H-1B program. They have filed 155 H-1B labor condition applications from FY 2020 to FY 2026, demonstrating ongoing commitment to hiring international talent. With 155 certified applications and a 0% denial rate, THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY maintains a strong track record for H-1B sponsorship. The company sponsors positions across multiple job categories and locations, making them a viable option for professionals seeking H-1B visa sponsorship.

H-1B Filing History
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

In the most recent fiscal year (FY 2026), THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY filed 1 H-1B applications, with 1 certified and 0 denied. Over 7 years of data, THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY has consistently demonstrated commitment to H-1B sponsorship.

Note: These are Labor Condition Applications (LCAs) filed with the Department of Labor, which is a prerequisite for H-1B petitions. The actual number of H-1B petitions filed with USCIS may differ.

What is THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B approval rate?

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's LCA (Labor Condition Application) denial rate is 0%, with 0 out of 155 applications denied across all years. This translates to a 100.0% certification rate, which indicates how successfully the company prepares and files H-1B applications. A lower denial rate suggests better compliance with Department of Labor requirements, proper wage documentation, and accurate job classification. Prospective H-1B applicants should consider this approval rate alongside other factors like salary, job role, and location when evaluating THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY as a potential H-1B sponsor.

Approval vs Denial Rate
100.0% Certified
155 certified 0 denied

This is an excellent approval rate, indicating THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY has strong H-1B sponsorship practices and typically meets DOL requirements. Applicants can feel confident in the company's H-1B track record.

What jobs does THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY sponsor for H-1B?

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY sponsors H-1B visas for various specialty occupation positions requiring at least a bachelor's degree. Based on 155 certified filings, the most commonly sponsored job titles reflect the company's primary business functions and talent needs. These positions typically require specialized knowledge in fields like technology, engineering, finance, or scientific research. Understanding which roles THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY most frequently sponsors can help job seekers target their applications effectively.

Most common H-1B job titles at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY:

Assistant Professor
$100,000
Principal Research Associate
$48,000
Professor
$66,664
Associate Professor
$98,908
Mechanical Engineer
$92,000

The most frequently sponsored role is Assistant Professor with 43 filings at a median salary of $100,000. This is followed by Principal Research Associate (29 filings) and Professor.

Where are THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B jobs located?

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B positions are distributed across multiple U.S. locations, with concentration in major metropolitan areas and tech hubs. Geographic distribution often reflects company office locations, client sites, and regional market demands. Location significantly impacts H-1B salary due to varying cost of living and local wage requirements. Understanding where THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY sponsors H-1B workers can help candidates target specific offices and negotiate appropriate compensation for each market.

Top THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY H-1B locations:

The largest H-1B hub for THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY is Rolla, MO with 150 filings at a median salary of $75,000. The highest-paying location is 325 Computer Science Building, MO at $110,000 median. Salaries range from $47,476 to $110,000 across office locations.

How have THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B salaries changed over time?

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's median H-1B salary has increased by +46% from FY 2020 ($78,902) to FY 2026 ($115,379). Tracking salary trends over time reveals how THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY adjusts compensation to remain competitive in the H-1B labor market. Salary growth typically reflects inflation adjustments, increased demand for specialized skills, and evolving prevailing wage requirements. These historical trends can help applicants understand future salary expectations and negotiate appropriately when considering H-1B opportunities at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.

Median Salary Trend
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

Year-by-year breakdown:

  • FY 2022: $72,900 (21 certified)
  • FY 2023: $61,339 (39 certified)
  • FY 2024: $75,000 (30 certified)
  • FY 2025: $90,000 (30 certified)
  • FY 2026: $115,379 (1 certified)

This 46% growth reflects strong compensation adjustments at THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, keeping pace with market demands for H-1B talent.

What wage level does THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY use for H-1B?

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY primarily files H-1B applications at Wage Level I, accounting for 88% of their filings. DOL wage levels range from Level I (entry-level, 17th percentile of local wages) to Level IV (expert, 67th percentile). Wage level determines both salary requirements and, under recent H-1B rules, lottery selection priority. Higher wage levels receive preference in the H-1B lottery, making THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's wage level distribution an important factor for prospective applicants assessing their chances of H-1B selection.

Wage Level Distribution
I
I: 88% II: 10% III: 3% IV: 0%

A significant portion of THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B filings are at entry-level (Level I) wages. These positions may face more competition in the H-1B lottery.

How does THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B salary compare to other employers?

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's median H-1B salary of $75,000 is 38% lower than the national H-1B median of $120,000 across all employers and industries. This comparison provides context for evaluating THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's competitiveness in attracting H-1B talent. Keep in mind that industry, location, and job function significantly impact salary levels. Tech companies and financial institutions typically offer higher H-1B salaries than other sectors, while salaries in major metros like San Francisco and New York exceed those in smaller markets. Compare THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's offerings with similar companies in your field for a more accurate assessment.

vs National H-1B Median
THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
$75,000
National
$120,000
-38% below national median

THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's H-1B salaries are below the national median, though this may vary significantly by role, experience level, and location. Consider researching specific positions for more accurate compensation expectations.

How do new H-1B fees and rules affect THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY's sponsorship?
Estimated H-1B Sponsorship Costs (FY 2025)
I-129 Base Filing Fee $1,655
ACWIA Fee (25+ employees) $1,500
Fraud Prevention Fee $500
Asylum Program Fee $600
H-1B Registration Fee $215
Estimated Total per H-1B $4,470 - $7,275+

Recent H-1B rule changes have increased filing fees and introduced wage-level prioritization in the lottery. THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY files 88% of positions at Level I, which may face more lottery competition under wage-level prioritization rules.

With 155 certified filings, THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY invests significantly in H-1B sponsorship. The company's 0% denial rate suggests strong compliance with H-1B requirements and documentation standards.

Note: H-1B regulations are subject to change. Fees shown are estimates based on 2024 USCIS fee schedules. Actual costs may vary based on company size, premium processing, and future rule changes.

Companies Similar to THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI/MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Employers with similar H-1B salary ranges and filing volumes.

Loading similar companies...